We'll use that fact later. Array.apply(null, [undefined, undefined, undefined]) is equivalent to Array(undefined, undefined, undefined), which produces a three-element array and assigns undefined to each element. How can you generalize that to N elements? Consider how Array() works, which goes something like this:
An illustration. Suppose that array contains three integers, 0, 1, 2, and that i is equal to 1. array[i]++ changes array[1] to 2, evaluates to 1 and leaves i equal to 1. array[i++] does not modify array, evaluates to 1 and changes i to 2. A suffix operators, which you are using here, evaluates to the value of the expression before it is ...
The array structure has stricter rules than a list or np.array, and this can reduce errors and make debugging easier, especially when working with numerical data.
The OP was asking 'Array.size () vs Array.length'. From the previous discussions, it was make clear, that the 'size' Function is not part of standard JavaScript but implemented by libraries.
Basically turn the array into a string with array elements separated by some delimiter character, and then wrap the search value in the delimiter character and pass through instr.
The third way of initializing is useful when you declare an array first and then initialize it, pass an array as a function argument, or return an array. The explicit type is required.